This excerpted and edited from China Daily –
空中出租车市场即将起飞作者:Angus McNeice in London | 中国日报全球版 | 更新时间:2019-10-152019-10-15 21:07作为一部近 60 年前首播的节目,《杰茨顿一家》对未来科技的预言令人印象深刻。.The cartoon about a family living in 2062 predicted jetpacks, holograms, smartphones and 3-D printing — and now approximations of the Jetson family’s nifty “aerocar” can be added to the list.包括波音公司、空中客车公司和优步公司在内的几家大型运输企业正在进行全电动飞行器的试飞,这些飞行器有望通过共享空中出租车服务彻底改变城市出行方式。.在这个日益拥挤的市场中,有少数几家初创公司,包括由中国投资支持的两家德国公司 Volocopter 和 Lilium。.总部位于杭州的汽车制造商吉利为 Volocopter 主导了一轮 $55 万美元的融资,该公司于 9 月底在斯图加特为其无人驾驶客机进行了演示飞行。.Lilium公司由中国科技巨头腾讯公司提供部分资金,其双座飞机于2017年首飞,看起来更像小型飞机而非直升机。该公司最近还完成了五座原型机的试飞和着陆。.这项技术目前处于如此先进的阶段,以至于大多数空中出租车公司都预测在 2022 年至 2025 年之间将其投入商业运营。.—-牛津大学交通研究室主任蒂姆-施瓦嫩(Tim Schwanen)认为,监管、成本和公众接受度阻碍了空中出租车的广泛使用。.“It’s not only about the technology, and in some ways, technology is the easy part,” Schwanen said. “There are issues around regulation, there are issues around markets. Do we want these services? Do we need them?“Visions like The Jetsons where people are flying everywhere, an explosion of flying taxis — that won’t happen for a very long time. We’re talking decades.”
Volocopter GmbH 是一家位于布鲁赫萨尔的德国飞机制造商,由 Alexander Zosel 和 Stephan Wolf 创立。该公司专门从事电动多旋翼直升机的设计,采用可随时飞行的飞机形式,专供空中出租车使用。图片来源:Volocopter GmbH
现有的空中交通管制系统是否以及如何纳入空中出租车也是一个棘手的问题,许多大城市的起降坪有限也是一个棘手的问题。.总部位于伦敦的行业分析机构 L.E.K. Consulting 最近发布的一份报告预测,在未来 10 到 15 年内,空中出租车服务不会出现大幅增长。.无论时间长短如何,各国政府似乎都开始接受这一理念。今年,美国联邦航空管理局表示支持试验,欧盟航空安全局也发布了电动垂直起降飞机(eVTOL)制造商指南。.In China, Guangzhou-based air taxi company Ehang began conducting supervised tests with the Civil Aviation Administration of China this year, while Geely’s and Tencent’s investments suggest they believe there is an appetite for the technology in China.Veteran car designer Frank Stephenson, who designs Lilium’s aircraft, said companies must make safety their top priority.“The moment one of these things has an issue, you’re going to lose a lot of public confidence and trust,” he said.Lilium 表示,其服务将是经济实惠的,预计早期线路将在机场和市中心之间运行。.“The intention is absolutely not to make it for the elite,” said Stephenson. “It’s mobility for everyone — from the student or the teenager who needs to visit his grandma … all the way up to the VIP.”据 Uber 预测,其 Uber Air 服务最初每公里乘客成本为 $3.60,该公司的目标是将每公里乘客成本降至 $0.27,使其与汽车所有权竞争。.But Schwanen of Oxford University doubts that such low prices will be achievable early on, even in today’s business environment replete with money-losing companies that value growth over profit.Schwanen said he thinks service will be “on a limited scale for the super-rich. It’s going to be people who are able to afford this, and who may have properties where they can land.”将飞行员从等式中剔除将有助于降低成本,大多数公司表示,他们最终将转向自动化。.斯蒂芬森认为,目前有十多家公司在开发空中出租车,决定哪家运营商成为市场领导者的主要因素是设计、效率和续航能力。.Lilium 表示,其飞机的航程将达到 300 公里,是大多数竞争对手的两倍左右。.该公司还表示,与无人机相比,其飞机的能耗将减少约 90%,部分原因是采用了机翼辅助飞行。.Lilium 飞机的机翼上有一排安装在襟翼上的管道风扇,可旋转 90 度,在起飞和着陆时将空气向下推,在巡航时将空气向后推。.“Wings give you lift, so it’s a lot more energy efficient,” Stephenson said.“You need a lot of electrical power to go up and down, but not that much to go horizontally.”Lilium 的目标是到 2025 年让人们在空中飞行,比 Jetson 家族还要早一代。.
[参考这里]
So, maybe the vision of the cartoon future world of The Jetson’s isn’t here, but the conceptual vision of priority transportation for select applications and markets is really just around the corner.
This timeframe of 15+ years will become telescoped once the safety and autonomy issues get locked down and being able to hop onto one of these platforms, to travel 150 miles in about an hour, all made possible with non-airport requirement electric vertical takeoff and landing, or eVTOL, personal capability (1 to 5 passenger) aircraft.
… notes from EDJE
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